15.11.09

answer to the saudi medical council question examination

high-output heart failure
Cardiology CHF due to an ? in circulating blood volume without functional myocardial abnormalities, resulting in a hyperkinetic state; the cardiac pump activity is a function of preload?ventricular end-diastolic fiber tension, myocardial contractility, afterload and heart rate; HOHF may be a physiologic response to such 'insults' as anemia, cor pulmonale, exercise, fever, high humidity, systemic HTN, obesity, pregnancy, emotional stress and temperature extremes, or non-physiologic in Albright's disease?polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, carcinoid syndrome?serotonin-producing usually hepatic metastases, arteriovenous fistulas?trauma, Paget's disease of bone, hemangiomatosis, glomerulonephritis, hemodialysis, hepatic disease?alcohol-related thiamine deficiency ? peripheral arterial resistance, hyperkinetic heart syndrome, P vera, thyrotoxicosis?T3 ? heart rate, cardiac sensitivity to epinephrine and peripheral vasodilation. Cf Low-output cardiac failure.

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